
General info: Biography of Marie Antoinette, published in 2001
Storytelling: 9 - Marie Antoinette’s story is a one we all vaguely know already, so I believe Fraser’s challenge here was to build on previous biographies and to imagine the misunderstood young Queen in a fresh new way. This book is largely described as a sympathetic biography, and Fraser focuses on promoting the notion that Antoinette was not the evil villainess that French history would like us to believe, but rather she was a flighty and somewhat naive young archduchess who got thrown into a really crappy situation.
To give some background, Antoinette’s life starts happily (for the most part) as the youngest of eighteen children born to the Holy Roman Emperor, Francis I, and his wife Maria Theresa. Although her domineering family loves her dearly, Antoine (as she was known before her marriage) was viewed from the onset as a mere political pawn to be played by her mother, who was a calculating and shrewd matchmaker. Fraser uses a lot of hilarious dry wit in reference to the bold Maria Theresa, who inserts herself often in matters of state, and is also a raging hypocrite when it comes to marital advice, which is more or less “obey your husband no matter the cost”. Antoine takes little interest in her formal education and busies herself instead with music and theatre, which comes to be an issue when she is eventually married to the Dauphin of France at the age of fourteen.
Here she is rudely separated from her family, who she is likely never to see again, and taken to France. Fraser describes how she struggles to warm up to her new husband and fit in at a foreign court where her language and writing skills are lacking. The Dauphin (the future King Louis XVI) is awkward, unsocial, and has no interest in consummating his marriage. Antoinette disappoints everyone in the early years of marriage, first for being a poor political ally for Austria (throughout her life she doesn’t give a rats ass about politics and is always getting harped on about this) and for not being pregnant. You have to feel for her. Fraser points out Antoinette’s redeeming attributes – such as her generosity, kindness, and grace – often and convincingly. She seems to me to have been a sweet person with a kind heart who was never cut out to be a leader. Her only wish was to be a mother.
Fast-forward a few years and Antoinette, now Queen, starts to warm up to things. She eventually gives France four children, two of whom die at a young age. She devotes her life to her remaining son and daughter, all while France is politically and economically falling to pieces. Since she’s an easy target, everyone wants to blame the foreign Austrian princess, and her reputation is vilified by the masses. Fraser doesn’t glaze over the fact that the court at Versailles was spending money foolishly and far too lavishly. She also effectively argues for the fact that Antoinette may have spent a lot, but it was what was expected of her and of every courtier at the time. She abstained in small ways, but to do so on a larger scale would have caused a ruckus. Antoinette was doomed from the start.
As we all know, the ending is tragic, and Fraser pulls the heart-strings in such a way that I found myself choking up a few times. Nothing goes right for Marie Antoinette as the French Revolution comes to its climax. Versailles and the Tuileries, both residences of the royal family near the end, are attacked, and after a failed attempt at escape, the royal family is thrown into prison. The court votes to have her husband beheaded and shortly thereafter comes to take the children away from their mother. Here Fraser describes the ferocity with which Antoinette defends her son, backing him into a corner and refusing to move even when threatened with death. Eventually they get to him after using a combination of force and threatening to kill her daughter. Shortly thereafter, they also brainwash her impressionable son into testifying at court that he was sexually molested by his mother and aunt. Really, guys?
After a brief and horribly unfair trial, she is also sentenced to death. Fraser describes how every insult is issued to Antoinette during her execution (having her hands tied, how she is paraded through the streets, etc.), unlike the King who was shown some decency. However, Antoinette falls from grace with amazing poise, and to the end she is dignified and composed.
Fraser brings this old historical account to life, and I appreciate the way she weaves the story of Antoinette’s life effectively, even if the amount of detail did get a bit confusing at times. I appreciated the fresh insight, and was impressed with the sheer scope of information Fraser had to sort through. It’s difficult to rank this book based on storytelling, since the material was already there, but Fraser re-imagined it nicely and the pages flew by rapidly.
Writing: 7 – I couldn’t help but imagining Antonia Fraser writing this book in a dark-paneled study in some posh area of London while sipping Earl Grey with her pinkie up. Her writing is 100% snotty intellectual, which I adore, but it is pretty evident she’s a 79-year-old member of the British upper-class. She is a fan of words like “august” (yes, it’s more than just a month) and “heartrending”, which you don’t often hear over here on this side of the pond. I always appreciate writing that challenges me a bit and is completely unlike any author I’ve read before, so I enjoyed this about Fraser’s style.
However, she did tend to get pretty wordy at times, and her syntax would trip me up. I’m not sure if this is because her intellect is light-years ahead of me (maybe…) or because she just really loves long sentences, but it got a bit tiresome at times. She would often fill in the blanks with her own historical speculation. For example, there is no proof that Antoinette ever had an affair with the dashing Swedish Count Fersen, but Fraser approaches their relationship as if it’s a certainty. I’m on the fence about this decision; it’s a bold move on Fraser’s part, but it’s also a little arrogant assuming you can fill in historical blanks without verifiable evidence. Perhaps this is a biographer's right, but I'll stay undecided for now.
Characters: 5 - Holy hell. There were far too many to keep track of. I understand that Fraser was dealing with roughly a million people who were involved in the French and Austrian courts at the end of the 18th century, but she further confuses the reader by using their first names, last names, and their titles, interchangeably! She smartly places a map and a family tree at the start of the book, but a glossary of characters would have helped as well. I was constantly wrinkling my brow trying to remember who so-and-so was, considering they were most likely introduced 30 pages earlier and Fraser (again with the light-speed intellect) seems to assume we can all keep up. Although I enjoy when authors don’t treat me like a bonehead, this was too much. Points docked for carelessness or intellectual malevolence, whichever it is.
However, individual character construction of key players was great. I loved her development of Marie Antoinette, Marie Theresa, Louis XV and XVI, the children, Antoinette’s closest friends, etc. She gives important figures due diligence and expounds on tiny gems of detail that I’m assuming she uncovered in her research. I felt like I could really grow to know these people, and it was fascinating to me that they were actually real figures in history.
Best part: (This answer will unveil me to be a totally macabre weirdo, but whatever. Do not read if you’re squeamish.) For whatever reason, the French targeted Marie Antoinette’s dear friend, the Princess de Lamballe. At court she refused to testify against the monarchy, so they jumped her outside of the courthouse, clubbed her to death with a hammer, and probably sexually assaulted her. (Fraser points out that she was thankfully already dead if they commenced with the latter. Lovely.)
From here, they cut off her head and disemboweled her, putting the two pieces onto two spikes. Then they took the head on the spike to a hairdresser (I kid you not) where they had her hair redone. THEN the mob marched to the Tuileries so they could bounce the head up and down near Marie Antoinette’s bedroom window, all the while screaming for her to give it a kiss. (It was rumored that Antoinette and de Lamballe had been lovers.) Thankfully the guards were able to close the shutters before Antoinette could see any of this.
All I’ll say about this is that I can only see the French being capable of this nonsense, particularly the hairdresser portion.
Recommend to: Fans of dense prose who perhaps want to start reading biographies and like girly but grisly princess stories.
Reminded me of: Salman Rushdie, if he were to start writing historical non-fiction.
How I would murder the main character: hahahaha
Sexy parts: Considering royal sex was seen as a political act, and she was derided for not having enough of it as a teenager, it’s speculated that Marie Antoinette spent most of her life thinking of all sex negatively. However, the fact that most of France thought she was a raging lesbian was kind of interesting. I still don’t believe they came up with that out of the blue just because she had close female relationships. I also appreciated the intrigue associated with her purported affair with the handsome Count Fersen. Did they or didn’t they? The world will never know…
To sum it up: Ideal for a seasoned reader, but don’t lose your head due to information overload.
Overall: 7



